Family

There are many differences between monocots and dicots. Monocots and an embryo with a single cotyledon and dicots have 2 cotyledons, monocots leaf veins are parallel and dicots are perpendicular, monocots roots are adventitious and dicots form from radical, and monocots do not undergo secondary growth like dicots.

Reproduction

With the help of bbc.co.uk, I was able to portray the flower of someone else's baby since mine were tragically lost. The anther is located at the top of the flower and it is the pollen producing organ of the flower. After the wind or animal moves it, the pollen is then carried to the style of the flower which is where the pollen is received. The petals are what surround the reproductive organs of the flower and usually cover up sepals which are another type of protective leaf. The pollen of the flower will eventually make its way into the ovule where it will be reproduced. Sometimes two pollen pieces will get in and have two male gametes for the one female and that is called double fertilization.

Plant Structure and Function

Due to a tragic drowning accident...my poor baby plants never made it to the light of day...however due to biologyjunction.com, I am able to see what my baby could have grown up to be if I were just a little more careful. I will remember from my mistakes.

Life Cycle

A sporophyte is an organism that produces spores, so therefore it is asexual and reproduces using meiosis. Sporophytes are also diploid while gametophytes are monoploid. Since they reproduces sexually (usually pollen or seeds) they will use mitosis which will then go to the gamete then to the zygote where it becomes diploid again and then back to sporophyte.

Food Delivery

Translocation is the process of getting the food or nutrients to the plant so it will be able to grow. Translocation can be used by phloem or xylem. In the process of phloem, the food is delivered in phloem and water in xylem. The xylem is driven by negative pressures by pressures and the phloem is driven by hydrostatic pressures. They both use active transport to get food and water to the plant.

Nutrient and Water Delivery

A vital part to having a plant is making sure it is supplied with food and water. In order for the plant to be emergy filled, it needs to have mass flow from roots to shoots and the only way it can do that is if the plan is clear and cool. Plants need to go through transpiration which is almost like a plants form of sweating. This happens in the plants pours, or stoma. It needs to go through this process to make sure the osmotic flow is good. This is also caused my turgor pressure which is the pressure that there is in the plant to sustain its shape and effectiveness. All this water pressure is in the vascular tissue. Vascular tissue is the tissue in the plant that is responsible for carrying all the liquids and food throughout the cell. The components of vascular tissue are xylem and phloem. Xylem is the transport tissue that delivers all the nutrients to the plant. As the cooling system and to allow evaporation to happen, the stoma is the little pours on the leaves. But these pours on the leaves need to be regulated so they don’t open too wide or are too narrow so there are guard cells that surround the stoma. However a good nutrient delivery system isn’t worth anything if there are no nutrients. The soil that the plant is in has to do with its growth because each different plant will need different chemicals to keep it thriving. So the soil needs to be replenished with nutrients and the soil must be able to hold water for the roots to pick up. To keep everything together, right inside the cell wall, there is a casparain strip which is responsible for keeping passing flow of materials. 

Growth (shoot and root)

As the plant continues to grow, there are spots where the plant seems to be growing more rapidly that other parts. The meristem is when a section of the plant grows rapidly at a different pace than the rest of the plant, giving it uneven growth. The plant has two types of growth, primary and secondary. Primary growth is growing up for shoots, and down for roots. Primary happens both in monocots and dicots. Secondary growth is when the plant on grows from the girth and makes itself wider. This type of growth only occurs in dicots. Secondary growth fits in with vascular cambium because it is a secondary meristem that produces xylem and phloem. This is comparable to cork cambium because it is the same thing, expect for it produces cork which will then replace the epidermis. To be a strong plant, it needs important hormones such as auxin. Auxin is responsible for the growth and development of the plant such as the rate of cell differentiation. Other hormornes may include ABA which also helps with the growth and development which is responsible for bud dormancy. There many some problems with the growth of the plant due to the environment. Tropism is when there is a change of growth due to environmental factors such as a tree growing upside down due to gravity. Gravity will have effects of the baby plants as well. Although they won’t be growing upside down, they will have to grow stems strong enough to support itself. 

Germination Explained

      Germination is the process in which the plant starts to grow out of the cell and begins to grow. To start this process, the plant needs to go through imbibition which is when the water starts to soften the hard protective shell of the seed. Then the plant is able to swell up and split the seed open so it can begin growing and get water to the embryo.

Seed Structure and Function

Monocot seed

Dicot seed
 

                   

     The endosperm will supply the food for the baby embyo

      The Cotyledon is the part of the embryo that digests the endosperm      and feeds the embryo      

      The embryo is the the actual baby and will grow into a plant

The dicot does not have endosperm because it is dissolved in the 2 cotyledons